University of Haifa Eshkol Tower
S. Gilad Architects (modified from Oscar Niemeyer original plan) · Haifa, Israel · 1975
Eshkol Tower at the University of Haifa was built in 1974–1975. The university's own construction record credits S. Gilad Architects with the architectural design, modifying an original scheme by Oscar Niemeyer. The 30-storey tower rises about 90 metres above road level and houses university administration, academic faculties, computing facilities, a conference hall, and a panoramic observation level. Niemeyer's original exposed-concrete concept was substantially altered during development to a steel structure with concrete floors and curtain-wall façades, making the completed tower a hybrid between the original modernist concept and its local execution.